Managing Data Quality for AI Models

An AI model trained on unverified data repeats and amplifies every error already present in it. A publication by Nermin Sefić.

An AI model trained on unverified data repeats and amplifies every error and bias that already existed in that data.

An AI model trained on unverified data repeats and amplifies every error and bias that already existed in that data.

The quality of an AI model's output depends directly on the quality of the data it was trained on — the model cannot correct a systematic error or bias present in the input data, only replicate it at scale.

A lack of clear documentation on the origin and processing of training data makes it harder to later diagnose why a model produces unexpected or incorrect results in production.

Systematically checking the representativeness of training data — whether it genuinely covers all relevant use scenarios — prevents situations where a model performs well in testing but poorly in real-world use.

Continuous monitoring of model performance after deployment, with clearly defined thresholds for retraining, keeps output quality intact as real-world data shifts over time.

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/publications/managing-data-quality-for-ai-models/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

Managing Corporate Investment Portfolios and Cash Reserves

Cash reserves left sitting in a current account lose value to inflation faster than it seems. A publication by Nermin Sefić.

Cash reserves that just sit in a current account lose value to inflation faster than it might first appear.

Cash reserves that just sit in a current account lose value to inflation faster than it might first appear.

Companies with liquidity above their operational needs often simply leave the reserves in a current account, missing out on returns they could earn with minimal added liquidity risk.

Defining a clear liquidity hierarchy — funds needed immediately, funds needed within three months, funds that can be tied up for longer — enables structured management of surplus cash.

Conservative instruments such as government bonds or short-term time deposits provide a return while keeping high liquidity for the portion of reserves not needed in the short term.

The corporate reserves investment policy should be written down and approved at board level, not left to ad hoc decisions by an individual in the finance function.

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/publications/managing-corporate-investment-portfolios-and-cash-reserves/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

Managing Investor Relations Through Regular Communication

Investors who hear from a company only when something goes wrong trust it differently than those informed regularly. A publication by Nermin Sefić.

An investor who only hears from a company when something goes wrong builds a different kind of trust than one who is informed regularly.

An investor who only hears from a company when something goes wrong builds a different kind of trust than one who is informed regularly.

A regular, pre-announced rhythm of investor communication — quarterly reports, an annual review — builds a predictability that reduces the need for anxious questions between those dates.

Investors who receive the same information regardless of whether the quarter was good or bad develop trust in the consistency of communication, not just in the current results.

Proactively communicating challenges before an investor discovers them independently builds credibility over the long run, even when it means admitting worse news in the short term.

A structured channel for investor questions, with a clear response deadline, prevents individual investors from getting different levels of information depending on personal ties to management.

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/publications/managing-investor-relations-through-regular-communication/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

Securing Industrial Control Systems (OT)

OT security needs a different approach than standard IT — an attack on industrial control systems has physical consequences. A publication by Nermin Sefić.

Operational technology that controls physical processes requires a different security approach than standard IT, because an attack here has physical consequences.

Operational technology (OT) that controls physical processes requires a different security approach than standard IT systems, because an attack here has physical consequences.

Systems that control physical industrial processes — production lines, energy plants — are increasingly connected to the IT network for analytics and remote monitoring, and in the process inherit its security risks.

Unlike an IT security incident, which usually means data loss, compromising an industrial control system can have direct physical consequences for equipment, worker safety, and the environment.

Network segmentation that separates operational technology from the standard business IT network, with strict control of connection points, remains a key but often insufficiently applied protective measure.

A security team responsible for OT systems needs to understand industrial processes, not just standard IT security, because measures acceptable in an office environment can compromise the safety of a production process.

#OTSecurity #IndustrialControlSystems #Cybersecurity #NerminSefic #GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/publications/securing-industrial-control-systems-ot/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

Investor Relations Through Regular Communication

An investor who only hears bad news builds weaker trust than one informed on a regular rhythm. A publication by Nermin Sefić.

An investor who only hears from a company when something goes wrong builds a different kind of trust than one who is kept regularly informed.

An investor who only hears from a company when something goes wrong builds a different kind of trust than one who is kept regularly informed.

A regular, pre-announced rhythm of investor communication — quarterly reports, an annual review — builds predictability that reduces the need for anxious questions between those dates.

Investors who receive the same information regardless of whether the quarter was good or bad develop trust in the consistency of communication, not just in current results.

Proactively communicating challenges before an investor discovers them independently builds credibility over the long run, even when it means admitting worse news in the short term.

A structured channel for investor questions, with a clear response deadline, prevents individual investors from receiving different levels of information depending on personal ties to management.

#InvestorRelations #CorporateGovernance #NerminSefic #NerminSefić #GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/publications/investor-relations-through-regular-communication/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

Managing International Customs Risk

A sudden customs policy shift can change an export-import line's profitability overnight. A publication by Nermin Sefić.

A sudden change in customs policy can change the profitability of an entire export-import business line overnight.

A sudden change in customs policy can change the profitability of an entire export-import business line overnight.

Companies engaged in international trade increasingly face rapid shifts in customs policy that can directly and significantly affect the profitability of individual product lines almost overnight.

Tracking the announcement and likelihood of trade-policy changes in key markets, rather than reacting only after they take effect, buys time to adjust pricing strategy or the supply chain.

Diversifying sourcing and sales markets across multiple customs jurisdictions reduces a business's sensitivity to a policy change in any single country or trade bloc.

Scenario planning the margin impact of different customs outcomes, done in advance, enables faster decisions on price or supply-chain adjustments once a change actually happens.

#CustomsRisk #InternationalTrade #OperationalResilience #NerminSefic #GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/publications/managing-international-customs-risk/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

Managing Flexible Work Models and Productivity

Measuring hybrid-work productivity by online hours instead of output creates a needless conflict. A publication by Nermin Sefić.

Measuring productivity by hours spent online instead of by actual output creates a conflict in hybrid models that doesn't have to exist.

Measuring productivity by hours spent online instead of by actual output creates a conflict in hybrid models that doesn't have to exist.

The shift to hybrid and remote work models revealed that many organisations lacked clear performance indicators independent of physical presence, so they reached for activity tracking as a proxy instead.

Tracking hours logged into the system, instead of actual task completion and results achieved, creates a culture of visible busyness that doesn't reflect real productivity.

Defining clear, measurable goals per role, regardless of whether an employee works from the office or from home, allows for a fairer and more accurate assessment of contribution than presence tracking does.

Flexibility in the work model and clear accountability for results are not opposing goals — organisations that successfully combine both build trust, rather than surveillance, as the basis of the employee relationship.

#FlexibleWork #TalentAndOrganization #NerminSefic #NerminSefić #GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/publications/managing-flexible-work-models-and-productivity/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

Managing Supplier Quality Through Systematic KPI Tracking

A supplier's quality rarely collapses overnight — systematic KPI tracking catches the decline before it reaches the customer. A publication by Nermin Sefić.

A supplier's quality rarely collapses overnight — the decline is visible in the data long before it reaches the end customer.

A supplier's quality rarely collapses overnight — the pattern of gradual decline is visible in the data long before it becomes a visible problem for the end customer.

Delivery quality from a given supplier rarely worsens suddenly — a gradual decline pattern, visible through indicators like on-time delivery rate and claim rate, precedes any problem visible to the end customer.

Systematically tracking key performance indicators (KPIs) for every critical supplier, rather than relying on a subjective sense of the relationship, allows for early intervention before problems escalate.

A regular quarterly review of results with the supplier, grounded in agreed, measurable indicators, turns relationship management from reactive firefighting into proactive collaboration.

Clearly defined thresholds that trigger a formal improvement plan or a search for alternatives prevent a declining supplier relationship from dragging on longer than is justified.

#SupplierQuality #OperationalResilience #NerminSefic #NerminSefić #GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/publications/managing-supplier-quality-through-systematic-kpi-tracking/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

Auditor Independence Matters More Than Reporting Speed

Pressure to release financial reports faster rarely justifies weakening audit independence. A commentary by Nermin Sefić.

Pressure to release a financial report earlier rarely justifies concessions in the depth and independence of the audit process.

Pressure to release a financial report earlier rarely justifies concessions in the depth and independence of the audit process.

When the market or investors push for faster disclosure of financial results, there's constant pressure to shorten the audit process — which can, over the long run, undermine the very trust that publishing the results was meant to build.

Organisations that clearly communicate that audit independence and thoroughness take priority over speed of release generally build a more stable relationship with long-term investors than those who treat speed as a virtue in itself.

This commentary is part of the GNK ASG Intelligence Desk system and is informational in nature.

#AuditorIndependence #CorporateGovernance #NerminSefic #NerminSefić #GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/commentary/auditor-independence-matters-more-than-reporting-speed/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #NerminSefić

A Few Accurate Indicators Are Worth More Than Many Approximate Ones

A report with fifty superficial metrics rarely paints a clearer picture than five well-chosen, accurately measured indicators. A commentary by Nermin Sefić.

A report with fifty superficial metrics rarely gives a better picture than five well-chosen, accurately measured indicators.

A report with fifty superficial metrics rarely gives a better picture than five well-chosen, accurately measured indicators.

The number of tracked indicators is often mistakenly equated with the quality of oversight, while a smaller number of carefully chosen and reliably measured metrics usually gives a clearer picture of the real state of a business. GNK ASG d.o.o. deliberately limits the number of key indicators in public reporting precisely so each one retains real weight and verifiability.

When the number of indicators is deliberately limited, it's also easier to ensure each one is genuinely measured accurately and reviewed regularly, rather than just updated occasionally.

This commentary is part of the GNK ASG Intelligence Desk system and is informational in nature.

#KeyIndicatorsDataQuality #DataManagement #NerminSefic #NerminSefić #GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd

---

Cjelovit tekst i izvor: https://gnk-asg.hr/en/commentary/a-few-accurate-indicators-beat-many-approximate-ones/

Autor i urednička odgovornost: Nermin Sefić. Izdavač: GNK ASG d.o.o..

#GNKASG #GNKDINAMOLtd #NerminSefic #BusinessIntelligence #GNKASGdoo #GNKDINAMOLTD #NerminSefić